Guilt offering

Leviticus 5:1-19
Guilt offering:
Does not speak up when he hears a public charge to testify regarding something h has seen or learned about. Or touches anything ceremonially unclean, or touches human uncleanness, or thoughtlessly takes an oath to do anything, whether good or evil. When anyone is guilty in any of these ways, he must confess in what any he has sinned and a penalty for the sin he has committed. He must bring a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering. Or he must bring two doves or two young pigeons to the Lord as a penalty for his sin, if he cannot afford two doves, he is to bring ten ephah of fine flour for a sin offering, and do not put oil or incense on it.
When a person commits a violation and sins unintentionally in regard to any of the Lord's holy things he is to bring to the Lord as a penalty a ram from the flock.
If a person sins and does what is forbidden in any of the Lord's commands, he is to bring to the priest as a guilt offering a ram from the flock.
There was a standard pattern of ritual. Worshippers brought their offering to the forecourt of God's Tent. They laid their hand on their offering, indicating that it was their property and substitute, and slaughtered it.
The priest took the basin of blood and spattered it against the altar. He burnt a specified part with certain portions of fat. The remainder was then eaten by the priests, or by the priests and their families, or by priests and worshippers together.
Sacrifice of some sort was almost universal practice amongst ancient peoples, and Israel's sacrifices have some similarities with those of their neighbours; Nonetheless, certain features are unique.
1. Israel's absolute mono theism - belief in the on true God
2. The emphasis on ethics and morality, stemming from God's own absolute moral holiness
3. the complete absence of associated practices in other religions; no magic or sorcery.
4. the high tone of the sacrificial system: no frenzy, or prostitution, orgies, fertility rites, human sacrifice, etc.
Why?
Guilt offering: People afford not so expensive or higher quality animal as sin offering.
Guilt offering are for those who unintentionally did something and committed it.
How?
God want us confess our sin and living in the right way in speaking, and touch something and completely follow God's commands.

Guilt offering to the community

Leviticus 4:22-35
Member of the community sins unintentionally and does what is forbidden in any of the Lord's commands, he is guilt. When he is make aware of the sin he committed, he must bring as his offering for the sin he committed a female goat without defect.
He may bring a lamb as his sin offering.
Generally speaking the sin-offering referred to offences against God, and the guilt-offering to social offences. (But even sin against others is seen as sin against God)
Why?
An aroma pleasing to the Lord: This is a human way of expressing God's satisfaction with the offering. The people knew God did not need to be fed by them - he was feeding them with manna.
How?
Sin must be erased for consequence of sin is dead and separated from the Lord.

The offering for unwitting sin

Leviticus 4:1-21
If the anointed priest sins, bringing guilt on the people, he must bring to the Lord a young bull without defect as a sin offering for the sin he has committed. Priest  is to lay his had on its head and slaughter it before the Lord.
If the whole Israelite community sins unintentionally and does what is forbidden in any of the Lord's commands, even though the community is unaware of the matter, they are guilt. When they become aware of the sin they committed, the assembly must bring a your bull as a sin offering and present it before the tent of Meeting. The elders of the community are to lay their hands on the bull's head before the Lord.
The hide of the bull and all its flesh, as well as the head and legs, the inner parts and offal(內臟) - all the rest of the bull- he must take outside the camp to a place ceremonially clean, where the ashes are thrown, and burn it in a wood fire on the ash heap.
Made in order to obtain forgiveness. The relationship between this and the guilt-offering is not clear.
Generally speaking the sin-offering seems to have referred to offences against God.
Why?
Even priest and community may sin unintentionally. But the Lord care about the sin no matter you aware it or unaware it. It has to confess the sin and repent, for God is holy.
God is live he knows that people will sin so God shown us the way to erase our sin, the solution is through Jesus Christ.
How?
God needs us to be a man aware of the sin and repent it.

Fellowship offering

Leviticus 3:1-17
The Followship offering my offer an animal from the herd, from the flocks and offering a goat.
He is to lay his hand on its head and slaughter it in front of the Tent of Meeting. Then Aaron's sons shall sprinkle it blood against the altar on all sides.
All the fat that covers the inner parts or is connected to them, both kidneys with the fat on them near the loins, and the covering of the liver, which he will remove with the kidneys. The priest shall burn them on the altar as food.
Re-establishing fellowship between the offerer and God, and binding the offerers together as a family and/or community as they feast together; or it could be a think-offering.
Why?
Offerer have to work with the priest, it means offerer has fellowship with the Lord.
Lay his hand on animal's head mean his sin is removed and transfer to the animal.
How?
Rebuild the followship between us and God is an important matter.

The cereal or grain offering

Leviticus 2:1-16
Priest take a handful of the fine flour and oil , together with all the incense, and burn this as a memorial portion on the altar.
The rest of the grain offering belongs to Aaron and his sons.
Bring grain offering is prepared on griddle, of pan, it is to be made of fine flour mixed with oil and without yeast.
Season all your grain offerings with salt. do not leave the salt of the covenant of your god out of your grain offerings; add salt to all your offerings.
Bring grain offering of first fruits to the Lord, offer crushed heads of new grain roasted in the fire. Put oil and incense on it.
Often an accompaniment to burnt - and peace-offerings.
Why?
Salt means the effect of permanent in New Testament.
God is holy so do not mix with yeast, Yeast means the evil or bias.
Do not mix with any dirty idea or mind in Christian's life.
Rest of grain offering can supply priests daily life.
How?
We are the salt of the earth and the light of the world.

Burnt offering: an aroma pleasing to the Lord

Leviticus 1:10-17
Offer flock, either the sheep or the goats, slaughter it at the north side of the altar before the Lord.
Bull, sheep and goat, the fat and head  and inner part are burn on the altar.
Offer a dove or young pigeon, it is to remove the crop with it contents and throw it to the east side of the altar.
Burnt offering, an offering made by fire, an aroma pleasing to the Lord.
The only one in which the whole animal was burnt; a token of dedication.
Leviticus is not much read by Christians today. A rule-book for the priests of ancient Israel would seem to have little more than curiosity value.
Yet God is holy still, and requires his people to be holy. Jesus' famous 'love your neighbour' saying comes from this book. Leviticus has much to say about proper care for the poor, the foreigner, the land.
And more important, the New Testament understanding of the death of Christ - dealing with our sins, standing in our place - draws deeply on concepts set out in Leviticus.
Why?
Offering animal must be cleaned by water, all need sprinkle blood against the altar on all sides. Atonement need blood replace our sin.
How?
Christian living in this world to show our life like aroma pleasing to the Lord.

Leviticus; God is Holy so we have to be distinct and different from around nations

Leviticus 1:1-9
Burnt offering: male herd or flock
Skin the burnt offering and cut into pieces. The sons of Aaron the priest are to put fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire, including  the head and the fat on the fire.
Burnt offering is to make atonement for man.
Leviticus is the book of laws which springs directly out of Gods covenant with his people at Sinai. It is essentially for the priests, who are to instruct the people.
Leviticus is presented as God's instructions to Moses. Again an again comes the refrain: "The Lord told Moses..' And until medieval times both Jewish and Christian tradition saw Moses as the author of the book. There is, however no named author, and it is equally possible that a later writer set the material in its present order.
You must be holy, because I , the Lord your God, am holy. This is why sins must be dealt with - the  reason for the rules on purity and cleanness, heath and hygiene(衛生). God's people are to be distinct and different from the nations around, whose religion did not require morality and holiness. A close relationship with God means a life of obedience and faith.
The very idea of blood-sacrifice is repulsive(排斥) to many. The 'new covenant' has superseded the old.
Why?
Depends on personal faith to offer bull or sheep as burnt offering.
God's people are to be distinct and different from the nations around, because God is Holy. So we must be purity and cleanness, heath and hygiene.
How?
Keep being holy in my life to the Lord, for I am God's servant. Be distinct and different from around nations.