Daniel 11:2-20
The kings of the South and the North.
This chapter presents a detailed account of the struggle that took place in the Persian and Greek periods.
Those who believe that the book was written after these events naturally do not consider this chapter to be real prophecy.
The intention would still be to declare that God has full knowledge and control of all history.
There are to be three more Persian kings (2: Cambyses, Gaumata and Darius I), followed by a fourth (Xerxes). Xerxes invaded Greece but was defeated at Salamis in 480 BC. The power then passed to Greece.
Verse 5 refers to Egypt and to Ptolemy's one-time general, Selecucus, who became king of the north - the powerful kingdom of Syria and the east. Fifty years later the daughter of Ptolemy II married Antiochus II of Syria. But she was divorced and murdered, and her brother avenged her by attacking Syria.
Verse 9-13 reflect the struggles between the two powers at the end of the 3rd century BC. The Jews then joined forces with Antiochus III of Syria to defeat Egypt, and Antiochus made a marriage alliance with Ptolemy V. Antiochus invaded Asia Minor and Greece but was defeated by the Romans at Magnesia in 190 BC.
The exactor of tribute was his son Seleuus IV, who was shortly succeeded by his brother Aniochus IV, the persecutor of the Jews.
How?
There is wars in the world and still going on, but the Lord has full knowledge and control of all history. This is His story. Praise be to the Lord Almighty.
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